“時間管理”是一個常常掛在學(xué)習(xí)者嘴邊的詞。

Time management is the process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities.

時間管理，指的是計(jì)劃與控制要在某個事情上花多少時間的過程。

Good time management allows an individual to complete more in a shorter period of time, lowers the amount of stress, and leads to career success.

良好的時間管理讓人事半功倍，幫人舒緩壓力，走上職業(yè)成功之路。

簡而言之，管理好時間能讓你高效工作，幫你減壓，最終走上人生巔峰。

不少人被人安利過“重要性四象限”、“番茄鐘”之類的工具，但還是沒有掌握一套系統(tǒng)的方法論。

面對堆成山的reading、接踵而至的工作，通宵“趕due”的學(xué)生和白領(lǐng)比以往任何時候都需要時間管理。

頂級科學(xué)期刊《自然》在它的網(wǎng)站“職業(yè)生涯”專欄發(fā)表了一篇文章，介紹了科學(xué)家們常用的6種時間管理方式。

Scientists are often passionate about their research, and frequently work long hours. However, it is not necessary to become a workaholic to be a good scientist. If you attempt to accomplish too many tasks simultaneously, the most likely outcome is that you will be overwhelmed in the forlorn hope of ‘catching up’.

科學(xué)家們經(jīng)常熱衷于他們的研究，而且經(jīng)常工作很長時間。然而，要成為一個優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家，其實(shí)沒有必要成為一個工作狂。如果你試圖同時完成過多的任務(wù)，最有可能的結(jié)果是，明明完成不了，但為了“趕上進(jìn)度”，你自己就先垮掉。

The amount and quality of what you achieve are crucially dependent on how effectively you manage your time. Here is some advice on how to better manage your time as a scientist, based on our experience as scientists and supervisors.

你所能取得的成就，其數(shù)量和質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵，就在于你怎樣有效地管理你的時間。下面這些建議，基于我們作為科學(xué)家和導(dǎo)師的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以告訴你科學(xué)家們怎樣更有效地管理時間。

制定計(jì)劃

Make a plan

There are many components that need to be drawn together to achieve success in a project. You want to deliver good science while simultaneously helping your manager, completing your training, coping with all the administration and dealing with the many other distractions you face.

為了在一個項(xiàng)目中取得成功，需要完成很多“子任務(wù)”。你想做好科研，同時也要幫你的導(dǎo)師干活，你要完成自己的培訓(xùn)，還得應(yīng)付所有的行政管理事務(wù)，處理你面臨的許多其他干擾。

Sometimes it is difficult not to feel overwhelmed. The best way to achieve success and preserve your sanity is to make a plan. This starts as a list of all the tasks that are either desirable or vital for accomplishing your goals. Write them down, don’t just rely on your memory: it’s not as good as you think it is.

有時候真的很難不垮掉。通往成功和保持理智的最好方法就是制定計(jì)劃。一開始就要列一個清單，寫出所有完成你的目標(biāo)所需要的或者至關(guān)重要的任務(wù)。把它們寫下來，不要只依賴你的記憶：你的記性通常沒你想的那么好。

Next comes the crucial step of prioritizing. Highlight tasks on your list to signify their urgency. This allows you to identify at a glance the tasks that you need to focus on. Consider how crucial these items are to your career and the success of your organization, and when they need to be completed — not how enjoyable or easy they will be. Focus only on one item at a time: the others can wait their turn. You will need to update and review your list regularly, but don’t deny yourself the pleasure of putting your pen through items that you have completed.

接下來的這一重要步驟，就是排列任務(wù)優(yōu)先級。把列表中的任務(wù)涂上高亮，表示其緊迫性。這就讓你可以一目了然地確定需要特別關(guān)注的任務(wù)。要考慮到這些事項(xiàng)對你的職業(yè)生涯和組織的成功有多重要，以及什么時候需要完成這些事項(xiàng)——不要按照任務(wù)的愉快度和容易度來排列。一段時間內(nèi)只做一件事：其他事項(xiàng)也要按順序來。同時，你還需要定期更新和復(fù)盤你的任務(wù)優(yōu)先表，完成一項(xiàng)劃掉一項(xiàng)，讓自己享受這種快感。